![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Soon after their discovery, and still today in Post-Soviet states and their European satellites, they were used as antibacterial agents in medicine, but in the rest of Europe and the United States (US) they were relegated to the background upon the marketing of antibiotics in the 1940s. In vitro quantitative and qualitative measurements of phage characteristics, further validated by in vivo experiments, could be incorporated into one system or mathematical model/formula, which could predict a potential successful outcome of clinical applications.Ī century ago, bacteriophages (phages) were defined as “devourers of bacteria” or “obligate intracellular parasites”. Phage lytic activity or virulence should be considered as a result of the phage, its host, and intracellular/environmental factors, including the ability of a phage to recognize receptors on the bacterial cell surface. The phages require different experimental conditions to be tested to fully reveal their characteristics and phage therapy potential in view of their future use in therapy. Experimental conditions, such as the composition and consistency of culture media, have an impact on bacterial growth and, consequently, phage propagation and the selection of phage-resistant mutants. In this review, we describe some relevant methods, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, and categorize them as preliminary or confirmatory methods where appropriate. Validated methods for phage selection, host range expansion, and lytic activity determination are indispensable for maximizing phage therapy outcomes. ![]()
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